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Nutrition

Maintaining adequate nutrition helps manage the symptoms of gastrointestinal disease. Dietary habits and certain types of food play an important role in preventing and managing the symptoms of several gastrointestinal (GIT) diseases. Further, an unhealthy GI tract does not absorb nutrients, resulting in malnutrition.

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  • Obesity: Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive body fat. Obesity not only alters the appearance of the patients, but it also puts them at high risk of several chronic conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, certain cancers, and high blood pressure. People with a body mass index >40 kg/m2 are considered obese. The condition may also affect the quality of life and lead to shame, guilt, depression, social isolation, and disability.
  • Less Intake of Food: A lack of appetite is a desire to eat less food. The condition is most common in the elderly. Several conditions result in loss of appetite, such as infections (bacterial and viral), sadness, depression, anxiety, hepatitis, heart failure, chronic liver disease, and cancer.
  • Celiac Disease: Celiac disease occurs in gluten-sensitive people, i.e., they experience an immune reaction to consuming products containing gluten, such as barley, wheat, and rye. As the immune system damages the intestinal lining, patients have difficulty absorbing certain nutrients.
  • Carbohydrate Malabsorption: Carbohydrate malabsorption develops when the patient cannot absorb the sugars, carbohydrates, and starches from the diet. The condition may be due to viral gastroenteritis or congenital sucrose-isomaltose deficiency.
  • Protein-Losing Enteropathy: Protein-losing enteropathy is a condition characterized by leaking serum proteins through the digestive tract. In many cases, lymphatic flow abnormalities are the primary cause. Patients with this condition experience edema, diarrhea, ascites, increased risk of infection, blood clotting problems, and tissue healing problems.
  • Eating Disorders: Eating disorders comprise a spectrum of psychological conditions resulting in the development of unhealthy habits. There are several eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia, binge eating disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.

Faq's

What are the risk factors for obesity?

The risk factors for obesity include family history, lack of physical activity, unhealthy food habits, absence of good sleep, excessive stress, certain medications, consuming a large amount of processed food, and alcohol intake.

What are the treatment options for celiac disease?

The treatment options for celiac disease include avoiding gluten-containing foods like barley, rye, malt, and durum and managing nutritional deficiencies, and frequent consultation with healthcare providers. Medications are also prescribed to manage intestinal inflammation.