WHO defines family planning as “the ability of individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their births. It is achieved through contraceptive methods and the treatment of involuntary infertility." Family planning aims to avoid undesired pregnancies, increase awareness, diagnosis, and management of sexually transmitted diseases, and reduce infertility by preventing sexually transmitted diseases.
Female sterilization techniques involve tubal ligation. The surgeon blocks the fallopian tubes by applying clips or rings. There are various surgical options for performing female sterilization, such as laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, and minilaparotomy.
The most common method for male sterilization is vasectomy. Vasectomy is a surgical procedure involving the cutting of the vas deferens. The vas deferens is a tube that carries sperm from the testicles. There are two types of surgeries for male sterilization including incision vasectomy and no-scalpel vasectomy.