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Dementia

Dementia is the deterioration of memory, cognitive function, and problem-solving ability. It significantly affects the quality of life. The risk factors for dementia are age, family history, underlying medical conditions, such as Down syndrome, diabetes, and depression, inactive and unhealthy lifestyle, excessive smoking and alcohol consumption, sleep disturbances, and use of medications that affect memory.

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Diseases we treat

  • Alzheimer’s disease: It is the most common cause of dementia. Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease have tangles and plaques in the brain. Tau protein forms the tangles, while beta-amyloid protein is responsible for the plaque. The other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include reduced concentration and reasoning, a decline in decision-making ability, and alterations in behavior and personality.
  • Vascular Dementia: Vascular dementia develops when there is a reduced blood supply to the brain. It may result in stroke or cause brain injuries through other mechanisms. The symptoms of vascular dementia include a lack of focus, reduced problem-solving skills, and slow thought processes.
  • Frontotemporal Dementia: Patients with this type of dementia have problems in the connections of the nerve cells present in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. People with a genetic history of this dementia are at increased risk of developing it. Patients experience loss of speech, difficulty swallowing, twitches, weakness of muscles, and rigidity.
  • Lewy Body Dementia: People with Lewy body dementia have clumps of protein in the brain. It is progressive dementia. Patients with Lewy body dementia experience hallucinations, lack of attention and focus, tremors, and reduced movement.
  • Huntington’s disease: Patients with this condition have a wasting of certain nerve cells of the brain. The condition is caused by a genetic mutation. The symptoms of Huntington's disease are muscle problems, slow eye movements, difficulty speaking, lack of focus and attention, and problems in learning.
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: It is a rapidly progressive condition that results in significant changes in mental abilities. Patients with this condition have insomnia, impaired thinking, blindness or blurry vision, difficulty swallowing and speaking, and memory loss.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury: This condition is caused by people exposed to repeated head trauma, such as boxers, footballers, and soldiers. Apart from dementia, the other symptoms of traumatic brain injury are impaired speech, depression, and repeated vomiting and nausea.

Faq's

What are the measures to prevent dementia?

Some measures to prevent dementia include managing nutritional deficiency, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, managing underlying medical conditions, such as hypertension, depression, hearing problems, anxiety, and diabetes, and leading a healthy and active life.

What are the various conditions that result in reversible dementia?

Some of the conditions that cause reversible dementia include endocrine disorders, metabolic abnormalities, side effects of certain medications, deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals, underlying diseases related to the immune system and infections, hematomas, and tumors in the brain.