Dementia is the deterioration of memory, cognitive function, and problem-solving ability. It significantly affects the quality of life. The risk factors for dementia are age, family history, underlying medical conditions, such as Down syndrome, diabetes, and depression, inactive and unhealthy lifestyle, excessive smoking and alcohol consumption, sleep disturbances, and use of medications that affect memory.
Some measures to prevent dementia include managing nutritional deficiency, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, managing underlying medical conditions, such as hypertension, depression, hearing problems, anxiety, and diabetes, and leading a healthy and active life.
Some of the conditions that cause reversible dementia include endocrine disorders, metabolic abnormalities, side effects of certain medications, deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals, underlying diseases related to the immune system and infections, hematomas, and tumors in the brain.